Adding objectivity to submaximal exercise testing by assessment of heart rate recovery

Exercise testing is often used to evaluate whether a patient can meet the demands of surgery. Exercising to a maximal level can however place an unnecessary burden on patients. Submaximal exercise testing (SET) therefore is more commonly utilised. One problem with SETs is that they are effort dependent. Assessment of heart rate recovery (HRR) could be a way of providing objectivity to these tests. We will assess the effects of three different SETs, on HRR in patients of different ages. Greater understanding of HRR could improve risk prediction, allowing personalised care around the time of surgery to improve patient outcomes.